Enqubweni yokulungiselela i-wafer, kunezixhumanisi ezimbili eziyinhloko: enye iwukulungiswa kwe-substrate, kanti enye iwukuqaliswa kwenqubo ye-epitaxial. I-substrate, i-wafer eklanywe ngokucophelela kusukela ku-semiconductor single crystal material, ingafakwa ngokuqondile ekukhiqizeni i-wafer ...
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