Ikhabhoni ingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu emvelweni, ehlanganisa izakhiwo zazo zonke izinto ezitholakala eMhlabeni.Ibonisa izici eziningi ezihlukahlukene, njengokwehlukahlukana kobulukhuni nokuthamba, ukuziphatha kwe-insulation-semiconductor-superconductor, ukushisa kwe-insulation-superconductivity, kanye nokumunca ukukhanya-okusobala okuphelele.Phakathi kwalokhu, izinto zokwakha ezine-sp2 hybridization zingamalungu ayinhloko omndeni wezinto zekhabhoni, okuhlanganisa igraphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes, kanye ne-amorphous glassy carbon.
Amasampuli e-Graphite kanye ne-Glassy Carbon
Nakuba izinto zangaphambilini zaziwa kakhulu, ake sigxile kukhabhoni eyingilazi namuhla.Ikhabhoni yengilazi, eyaziwa nangokuthi ikhabhoni eyingilazi noma i-vitreous carbon, ihlanganisa izici zengilazi nezitsha zobumba zibe into yekhabhoni engeyona i-graphitic.Ngokungafani ne-crystalline graphite, i-amorphous carbon material ecishe ibe ngu-100% sp2-hybridized.Ikhabhoni yengilazi ihlanganiswa ukufakwa kwezinga lokushisa okuphezulu kwezinhlanganisela eziphilayo zangaphambili, njengama-phenolic resins noma ama-furfuryl alcohol resins, ngaphansi kwesimo segesi engasebenzi.Ukubukeka kwayo okumnyama nokubushelelezi okufana nengilazi kuyenze yaqanjwa ngokuthi “ikhabhoni eyingilazi.”
Kusukela ekuqalisweni kwayo kososayensi ngo-1962, ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo zekhabhoni eyingilazi kuye kwafundwa kabanzi futhi kusalokhu kuyisihloko esishisayo emkhakheni wezinto zekhabhoni.Ikhabhoni yengilazi ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: Uhlobo I kanye Nohlobo II lwekhabhoni eyingilazi.Ikhabhoni eyingilazi yohlobo lwe-I ifakwa kuma-precursors ezinto eziphilayo emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-2000°C futhi iqukethe ikakhulukazi izingcezu ze-graphene ezigoqene ezingahleliwe.Uhlobo II ikhabhoni eyingilazi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ifakwe emazingeni okushisa aphakeme (~2500°C) futhi yakha i-amorphous multilayered matrix enezinhlangothi ezintathu zezakhiwo ezizihlanganisayo ezifana nendingilizi egcwele ngokugcwele (njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi).
Okumele I-Glassy Carbon Structure Representation (Kwesobunxele) kanye ne-High-resolution Electron Microscopy Image (kwesokudla)
Ucwaningo lwakamuva luthole ukuthi ikhabhoni eyingilazi yoHlobo lwe-II ibonisa ukucindezelwa okuphezulu kunoHlobo I, okubangelwa yizakhiwo zayo eziyindilinga ezizihlanganisele i-fulerene.Ngaphandle komehluko omncane wejiyomethri, womabili amatrices ekhabhoni eyingilazi yoHlobo I kanye noHlobo lwe-II akhiwe i-graphene egoqekile engahlelekile.
Izicelo Glassy Carbon
Ikhabhoni yengilazi inezinto eziningi ezivelele, okuhlanganisa ukuminyana okuphansi, ukuqina okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukungangeneli okuphezulu kumagesi noketshezi, ukuqina okuphezulu kwe-thermal namakhemikhali, okuyenza isebenze kabanzi ezimbonini ezifana neyokukhiqiza, ikhemistri, ne-electronics.
01 Izinhlelo Zezinga Lokushisa Eziphezulu
Ikhabhoni yengilazi ikhombisa ukumelana nezinga lokushisa okuphezulu endaweni yegesi engasebenzi noma evacuum, imelana nezinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku-3000°C.Ngokungafani nezinye izinto zokushisa ze-ceramic nezensimbi, amandla ekhabhoni eyingilazi akhuphuka ngezinga lokushisa futhi angafinyelela ku-2700K ngaphandle kokuba brittle.Iphinde ibe nesisindo esiphansi, ukumunca ukushisa okuphansi, kanye nokwanda okushisayo okuphansi, okuyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zokushisa okuphezulu, okuhlanganisa amashubhu okuvikela i-thermocouple, amasistimu okulayisha, nezingxenye zesithando somlilo.
02 Izicelo Zekhemikhali
Ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, ikhabhoni eyingilazi ithola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ekuhlaziyeni amakhemikhali.Izinto ezisetshenziswa ngekhabhoni eyingilazi zinikeza izinzuzo kunezisetshenziswa zaselabhorethri ezivamile ezenziwe ngeplatinamu, igolide, ezinye izinsimbi ezimelana nokugqwala, izitsha zobumba ezikhethekile, noma ama-fluoroplastics.Lezi zinzuzo zihlanganisa ukumelana nawo wonke ama-ejenti okubola okumanzi, akukho mphumela wenkumbulo (i-adsorption engalawuleki kanye ne-desorption yezinto), akukho ukungcoliswa kwamasampula ahlaziywe, ukumelana nama-acids nokuncibilika kwe-alkaline, kanye nendawo yengilazi engenazimbobo.
03 Ubuchwepheshe Bamazinyo
I-glass crucibles ye-carbon crucible ivamise ukusetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe bamazinyo ukuncibilikisa izinsimbi eziyigugu nama-alloys e-titanium.Banikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-thermal, isikhathi eside sokuphila uma kuqhathaniswa ne-graphite crucibles, akukho ukunamathela kwezinsimbi eziyigugu ezincibilikisiwe, ukumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo, ukusebenza kuzo zonke izinsimbi eziyigugu nama-alloys e-titanium, ukusetshenziswa kokukhipha ama-centrifuges, ukudalwa komkhathi ovikelayo phezu kwezinsimbi ezincibilikisiwe, kanye nokuqedwa kwesidingo sokuguquguquka.
Ukusetshenziswa kweziphambano zekhabhoni eyingilazi kunciphisa izikhathi zokushisisa nokuncibilika futhi kuvumela amakhoyili okushisa eyunithi encibilikayo ukuthi asebenze emazingeni okushisa aphansi kuneziqukathi ze-ceramic ezivamile, ngaleyo ndlela kuncipha isikhathi esidingekayo ekubunjweni ngakunye nokwelula isikhathi sokuphila se-crucible.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungabi manzi kwayo kuqeda ukukhathazeka kokulahlekelwa kwempahla.
04 Izicelo zeSemiconductor
Ikhabhoni yengilazi, nokuhlanzeka kwayo okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala okukhethekile, ukungabikho kokukhiqizwa kwezinhlayiyana, ukuqhutshwa kwe-conductivity, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, iyinto efanelekile yokukhiqiza i-semiconductor.Ama-crucibles nezikebhe ezenziwe nge-glassy carbon zingasetshenziselwa ukuncibilika kwendawo yezingxenye ze-semiconductor kusetshenziswa izindlela ze-Bridgman noma ze-Czochralski, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-gallium arsenide, kanye nokukhula kwekristalu eyodwa.Ukwengeza, ikhabhoni eyingilazi ingasebenza njengezingxenye ezinhlelweni zokufakelwa kwe-ion kanye nama-electrode kumasistimu e-plasma etching.Ukuba sobala kwayo okuphezulu kwe-X ray nakho kwenza ama-chips ekhabhoni ayingilazi afanele ama-substrates yemaski ye-X-ray.
Sengiphetha, ikhabhoni eyingilazi inikeza izakhiwo ezihlukile ezihlanganisa ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukungabi namandla kwamakhemikhali, nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwemishini, okuyenza ifanelekele uhla olubanzi lwezicelo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
Xhumana ne-Semicera ngemikhiqizo yekhabhoni yengilazi yangokwezifiso.
I-imeyili:sales05@semi-cera.com
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-18-2023